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Against Empathy: The Case for Rational Compassion

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'Against Empathy: The Case for Rational Compassion' by Paul Bloom challenges the notion that empathy is a reliable moral compass. The book argues that while empathy can lead to good actions, it is often biased, parochial, and can distort moral and policy decisions. Bloom advocates for rational compassion over emotional empathy, presenting a compelling case through examples and data. The writing style is persuasive, using neuroscientific research and real-world examples to support the argument against relying solely on empathy in moral decision-making.

Writing/Prose:

The author uses an engaging and thought-provoking writing style that combines anecdotes with scientific research, making complex ideas accessible to a broad audience.

Plot/Storyline:

The narrative focuses on exploring the limitations of empathy in moral contexts, particularly in political and societal issues, while advocating for a rational approach to compassion.

Setting:

The setting encompasses contemporary political and social issues, anchored in historical and philosophical contexts.

Pacing:

The pacing allows for thorough exploration of concepts, alternating between engaging narratives and analytical discussions.
For the last couple of years, when people ask me what I’ve been up to, I say that I’m writing a book. They ask for details and I tell them, “It’s about empathy.” They tend to smile and nod when I say ...

Notes:

Paul Bloom argues that empathy is often misguided and leads to poor moral judgments.
Political debates often focus on who to empathize with rather than the act of empathy itself.
Bloom compares political beliefs to sports team loyalties, suggesting they don't really impact the world for most people.
He advocates for rational compassion over emotional empathy in moral decision-making.
Bloom acknowledges that empathy can be a source of pleasure in relationships and art but is not a reliable moral guide.
Research in the book shows that those with high empathy are not necessarily better people or more moral.
Empathy can sometimes lead to indifference or cruelty, particularly in political contexts.
The book suggests that cognitive empathy, combined with rational thought, leads to better outcomes than emotional empathy alone.
Bloom advocates for a universalistic moral standpoint that considers the well-being of all, not just one's own tribe.
He mentions that real moral change in society requires a balance of emotional and cognitive empathy.

From The Publisher:

New York Post Best Book of 2016

We often think of our capacity to experience the suffering of others as the ultimate source of goodness. Many of our wisest policy-makers, activists, scientists, and philosophers agree that the only problem with empathy is that we don't have enough of it.

Nothing could be farther from the truth, argues Yale researcher Paul Bloom. In AGAINST EMPATHY, Bloom reveals empathy to be one of the leading motivators of inequality and immorality in society. Far from helping us to improve the lives of others, empathy is a capricious and irrational emotion that appeals to our narrow prejudices. It muddles our judgment and, ironically, often leads to cruelty. We are at our best when we are smart enough not to rely on it, but to draw instead upon a more distanced compassion.

Basing his argument on groundbreaking scientific findings, Bloom makes the case that some of the worst decisions made by individuals and nations-who to give money to, when to go to war, how to respond to climate change, and who to imprison-are too often motivated by honest, yet misplaced, emotions. With precision and wit, he demonstrates how empathy distorts our judgment in every aspect of our lives, from philanthropy and charity to the justice system; from medical care and education to parenting and marriage. Without empathy, Bloom insists, our decisions would be clearer, fairer, and-yes-ultimately more moral.

Brilliantly argued, urgent and humane, AGAINST EMPATHY shows us that, when it comes to both major policy decisions and the choices we make in our everyday lives, limiting our impulse toward empathy is often the most compassionate choice we can make.

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About the Author:

Paul Bloom is Professor of Psychology at University of Toronto, and the Brooks and Suzanne Ragen Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Yale University. His research explores the psychology of morality, identity, and pleasure. Bloom is the recipient of multiple awards and honors, including, most recently, the million-dollar Klaus J. Jacobs Research Prize. He has written for scientific journals such as Nature and Science, and for the New York Times, the New Yorker, and the Atlantic Monthly. He is the author or editor of eight books, including Just Babies, How Pleasure Works, Descartes' Baby, and, most recently, Against Empathy.

 
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